Utjecaj fitobiotičkog svetog bosiljka (Ocimum sanctum) na proizvodnju i zdravlje tovnih pilića

Various types of phytobiotics have been recently used in poultry production systems to avoid the development of drug resistance and tissue residues. One such phytobiotic is holy basil or tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), an aromatic plant with multiple therapeutic functions. The powder or extract of tulsi is rich in essential oils and organic acids, which have positive effects on the physiological functions. It has been extensively used in medicine to treat many health issues. Moreover, in poultry industry, dietary tulsi has been recommended for the enhancement of general health conditions with promising results. Enrichment of broilers diets with tulsi improved the growth rate, carcass characteristics, and gut health, relived stress, and modulated the immune response and some biochemical blood parameters. This review article presents in details the different influences of dietary tulsi on these parameters in broilers.Različite se vrste fitobiotika odnedavna rabe u sustavu proizvodnje peradi i da bi se izbjegao razvoj otpornosti na lijekove i njihovih ostataka u tkivu peradi. Jedan od tih fitobiotika je sveti bosiljak ili tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), aromatična biljka s višestrukim terapijskim djelovanjem. Prah ili ekstrakt svetog bosiljka bogat je esencijalnim hlapljivim uljima i organskim kiselinama koje imaju pozitivne učinke na fiziološke funkcije tjelesnih organa, stoga je raširen u uporabi u medicini za liječenje brojnih zdravstvenih problema. U peradarskoj industriji, prehrambeni sveti bosiljak preporučen je za poboljšanje općeg zdravstvenog stanja s dobrim rezultatima. Uporaba svetog bosiljka u prehrani tovnih pilića rezultirala je poboljšanjem stope rasta, kvalitetom mesa, zdravlja želudca, smanjenjem stresa, kao i moduliranjem imunološkog odgovora i nekih hemato-biokemijskih parametara. Stoga, ovaj pregledni članak detaljno predstavlja različite utjecaje prehrambenog svetog bosiljka na navedene parametre u tovnih pilića

High resolution computed tomography and pulmonary function tests in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Background: Alveolar and airway injury represent one of the most common features of rheumatological diseases and is believed to have a significant impact on the course of these diseases. Objective: This work aimed at evaluating airway and alveolar involvement in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). Methods: Thirty four children (21 with SLE and 13 with JRA) were assessed by pulmonary function tests (PFTs) namely spirometry and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO) in comparison to 10 healthy controls, as well as by plain roentgenography and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest. Results: The studied patients had significantly lower mean PFT values as compared to controls. A restrictive pattern of PFTs was more common as it was detected in 62% of patients with SLE and 23% of those with JRA whereas an obstructive pattern was detected in 14% and 8% respectively. Significantly lower FEF 25-75% values were detected in symptomatic patients. Low values of DLCO (less than 80% of predicted) were recorded in 60% of the studied patients. Chest HRCT was abnormal in 68% of studied patients. In SLE, ground glass appearance and pleural irregularity were the most common findings whereas in JRA, bronchial wall thickening, mosaic appearance and air trapping were prominent. Abnormal findings were detected in 5/9 of asymptomatic patients. Conclusion: airway and alveolar abnormalities are frequently encountered in children with SLE (95%) and JRA (85%) even if they are asymptomatic. HRCT and pulmonary function tests including diffusion studies are recommended as useful tools for the diagnosis and early detection of pulmonary involvement in these patients.Keywords: JRA, SLE, HRCT, PFTs, DLCOEgypt J Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2004; 2(1): 8-1

Three Dimentional Transvaginal U/S Measurements Of Uterine Junctional Zone Thickness And Its Relation To Implantation Success Rate In ICSI Cycles

Background: Sub-endometrial junction zone (JZ) plays an important role in most of reproductive functions. Objective: To find out the effect of the sub-endometrial JZ thickness assessment by 3-D transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) on intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes in patients with unexplained recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Setting: ART Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt. Duration: From April 2016 to October 2018. Study Design: A prospective observational study. Methds: Fifty couples with history of unexplained RIF in previous ICSI cycles and prepared for another ICSI cycle (group I) and fifty couples with unexplained infertility prepared for ICSI for the first time (group II) had been included in this study. At time of ovum pick up, 3-DTVUS was done for all cases in both groups for assessment of sub endometrial junction zone thickness and correlated with ICSI outcome. Results:There were statistically significant differences be- tween group I and group II in JZ thickness in the 3 uterine regions (fundus, anterior and posterior walls) with p < 0.001, but there were mildly statistically significant differences between both groups in chemical and clinical preg- nancy rates with p < 0.01. Conclusions: The thickness of JZ in patients with history of unexplained RIF was higher than those with unexplained infertility scheduled for ICSI. The JZ thickness was inversely correlated with increased embryo implantation rates in ICSI procedures, the thinner the JZ thickness was associated with higher pregnancy rates (both chemical and clinical pregnancy rates)

Distribution, infection, diagnosis, and control of avibacterium paragallinarum in poultry

Avibacterium paragallinarum is widely distributed all over the world in poultry farms. The purpose of this review was to describe IC disease in chickens caused by A. paragallinarum in terms of incidence, pathogenicity, diagnosis, and management. The disease is characterized by upper respiratory affection that is represented by conjunctivitis, sinusitis, facial and wattle edema, growth retardation, a marked drop in egg production, and a high morbidity rate. Complications with other bacterial and viral infections and environmental stressors increase the severity of the clinical signs, lesions, and mortality rate. For serological evaluation of the bacterium, there were two schemes. Page scheme classified the bacterium into serovars A, B, and C, whereas Kume scheme divided it into serogroups I, II, and III. Page serovars were further classified and associated with the Kume serogroup. There are 9 A. paragallinarum serovars of Kume scheme represented as A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, B-1, C-1, C-2, C-3, and C-4. Laboratory diagnosis of A. paragallinarum is based on conventional methods of isolation and identification as well as serotyping and molecular detection. Strict biosecurity measures are important for the prevention of such infections. However, inactivated polyvalent bacterins are widely used to prevent the possibility of infection. The lack of crossprotection among serovars is the major challenge in the vaccination program

The in-vitro Antibiotic Sensitivity Test of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Layer and Breeder Chickens

Abstract The current study aimed to characterize Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) isolates from layers and breeder chickens in Egypt regarding in-vitro antibiotic sensitivity and resistance pattern. In doing so, spleen, liver, lungs, and heart, were taken aseptically from chickens suffering from a drop in egg production, septicemia, respiratory manifestations, and mortalities between 2016 and 2017. To isolate bacteria, samples were grown on a modified Das medium. Moreover, microscopic appearance and biochemical characteristics were used to identify pure colonies of P. multocida isolates. In the next step, in-vitro antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed on the isolated P. multocida. The findings indicated that P. multocida was found in 36 isolates out of 330 investigated chicken flocks. Small glistering, mucoid, grayish, and dew drop P. multocida colonies were discovered during the culture analysis. Pasteurella multocida isolates were Gram-negative coccobacilli using the microscope. Catalase, indole generation, H2S production, nitrate reduction, and oxidase tests were all positive for the sample; however, methyl red, urease activity, Voge's proskaur, and gelatin liquefaction tests were all negative. They also fermented glucose, mannose, fructose, sucrose, mannitol, xylose, and sorbitol without producing gas but not lactose, arabinose, maltose, inositol, salicin, raffinose, or dulcitol. Isolated P. multocida strains were sensitive to tetracycline, erythromycin, trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, penicillin, chloramphenicol, and azithromycin, while resistant to ampicillin and clindamycin. Cefoperazone, gentamycin, and streptomycin all showed intermediate sensitivity. https://jwps.rovedar.com/index.php/JWPS/article/view/

Survey on Machine Learning Algorithms Enhancing the Functional Verification Process

The continuing increase in functional requirements of modern hardware designs means the traditional functional verification process becomes inefficient in meeting the time-to-market goal with sufficient level of confidence in the design. Therefore, the need for enhancing the process is evident. Machine learning (ML) models proved to be valuable for automating major parts of the process, which have typically occupied the bandwidth of engineers; diverting them from adding new coverage metrics to make the designs more robust. Current research of deploying different (ML) models prove to be promising in areas such as stimulus constraining, test generation, coverage collection and bug detection and localization. An example of deploying artificial neural network (ANN) in test generation shows 24.5× speed up in functionally verifying a dual-core RISC processor specification. Another study demonstrates how k-means clustering can reduce redundancy of simulation trace dump of an AHB-to-WHISHBONE bridge by 21%, thus reducing the debugging effort by not having to inspect unnecessary waveforms. The surveyed work demonstrates a comprehensive overview of current (ML) models enhancing the functional verification process from which an insight of promising future research areas is inferred